Beam Squint-Aware Integrated Sensing and Communications for Hybrid Massive MIMO LEO Satellite Systems

The space-air-ground-sea integrated network (SAGSIN) plays an important role in offering global coverage. To improve the efficient utilization of spectral and hardware resources SAGSIN, sensing communications (ISAC) has drawn extensive attention. Most existing ISAC works focus on terrestrial networks cannot be straightforwardly applied satellite systems due to significantly different electromagnetic wave propagation properties. In this work, we investigate application massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) low earth orbit (LEO) systems. We first characterize statistical properties by considering beam squint effects. Based analysis, propose a squint-aware technique for hybrid analog/digital MIMO LEO exploiting channel state information. Simulation results demonstrate that proposed scheme can operate both wireless target simultaneously with satisfactory performance, beam-squint effects efficiently mitigated method typical